NOKIA 6500

Nokia 6500 is a latest mobile phone which powered with newest Nokia technology. The 6500 Slide is a sleek 3G slider phone which comes in a silver & black coloured casing. The phone comes with easy to use imaging features which bring a fun & useful element to this smooth opening handset. The phone comes with a 2.2 Inch high colour screen which provides the user with a 33.5mm x 44.7mm active display which can display up to 16 million colours. The Nokia 6500 Slide is a fashion conscious handset which measures 96.5mm x 46.5mm x 16.4mm which is a good size for a 3G slider phone.The Nokia 6500 works with 3G HSDPA technology. HSDPA is much faster than UTMS or EDGE. It has 2.2 inch large display. It allows you to enjoy better video experience. This screen supports 240X320 pixels resolution. The main camera is 3.2Mp which is enough for quality pictures. The camera has a special flash with double LED. You can record unlimited length videos with 4X digital zoom. Also Nokia 6500 has a good media player and a FM radio with RDS. It has 20Mb internal memory and supports up to 4GB SD memory cards.

NOKIA E71 BUSINESS PHONE WITH A-GPS

Nokia E71 is the newest E-series member. The stunning Nokia E71 3G Smartphone comes in a stylish solid casing which is available in either a white steel coloured casing or a grey steel coloured casing. The style of the handset is solid & slim with a full QWERTY keyboard situated below the high resolution screen. The overall size of the casing is very slim for a 3G Smartphone which measures 10mm in depth, 57mm in width by 114mm in height & its overall weight is 127 grams.The Nokia E71 has many special features. The Voice Over IP Internet Call is one of them. You can get free internet calls without using special software. Another important feature is A-GPS navigation system with Nokia maps application. It’s very similar to Nokia N95 GPS interface. Nokia E71 has good music features and FM radio with RDS. It has quite good music quality with built-in speakers. And you can capture it’s favorites with its 3.2Mp auto focus camera. In a business phone, the web browser is very important. E71 has a great RSS and HTML enabled web browser with many special features. It supports java scripts, flash videos and CSS styles. And you can enjoy high-speed internet with 3G HSDPA and WLAN Wi-Fi Technology.

NOKIA 6120 QUAD BANG 3G PHONE

Nokia 6120 is a cheap mobile phone but it has all valuable functions. The Nokia 6120 Classic is a sophisticated 3G mobile phone which comes in a desirable & simple casing. The casing comes in a classic design & is available in either a black or silver coloured casing which comes with chrome highlights. The handset is slim & compact which makes the handset easy to hold & manage. The dimensions of the Nokia 6120 Classic are 105 x 46 x 15 mm which fits perfectly in the users hand.It is smart because it’s silver casing. The Nokia 6120 has a Nokia web browser which supports HTML. You can enjoy a best internet experience with 3G HSDPA technology. Usually mobile phones are available as 2 or 3 band phones. But the Nokia 6120 is a quad band phone. You can use this phone for many SIM cards and in many countries.Nokia 6120 has two cameras. One is 2Mp with flash and other one is VGA. Its media player supports many file types such as MPEG4 and real media. And you can play videos with landscape mode. The internal memory of this phone is 32Mb and it supports up to 2Gb SD card.

ALL ABOUT THE LATEST MOBILE TECHNOLOGY

A guide to the latest in mobile communications technologyFrom the heavy cordless phones of the 1980's to the smart phones of today, cellular phone technology has undergone a tremendous change.But have you ever wondered how you can call someone across the world using a tiny phone? You might have heard of features like WAP and GPRS from cell phone vendors and service providers. But are you aware of what they really mean?Rediff Guide to the Net has compiled a guide to make you familiar with today's mobile technologies. So next time you go to buy a phone, you know exactly what they're talking about.Generations of mobile communicationsThe first generation (1G) of mobile communications was introduced in the late 1970s; it was primarily used for voice transfer. In the early 1990s, second generation (2G) systems came into existence and was further developed to 2.5G, which includes GSM, TDMA and CDMA. These were used for voice and data.The next generation of mobile communications is 3G and this delivers data speeds from 384 kbps to 2 Mbps and over wireless interfaces such as GSM, TDMA and CDMA.Mobile phone access technologiesFrequency division multiple access (FDMA)The first-generation analog mobile access method; FDMA uses separate frequencies for each call. For example if there are four stations, each will receive their own frequency. Thus there is no interference between them. This reduces interference, but limits the number of users.Time division multiple access (TDMA)TDMA allocates unique time slots to each user within each channel, thus allowing many users to access the radio frequency without anyone's interference. Each mobile conversation uses only a particular frequency slot of the time. More information on TDMACode division multiple access (CDMA)Commercially introduced in 1995 by Qualcomm, CDMA quickly became one of the world's fastest-growing wireless technologies. 3G CDMA networks provide more capacity for voice traffic, along with high-speed data capabilities, hence many cellular service providers are now building or upgrading to it.CDMA is used in both 2G and 3G wireless technologies. Indian Cell operators like Reliance IndiaMobile, TATA Indicom, BSNL and MTNL's Garuda all use CDMA2000 technology and its variant CDMA1x. More Information and White papers on CDMAFaqs on CDMAGlobal system for mobile communications (GSM)Developed on TDMA protocol in Europe, GSM is now the worldwide standard technology for mobile communications. The advantage of GSM is that it provides a high level of security, globally accepted technology standards and superior sound quality.For any GSM phone to work, it requires a Subscriber Identity Module (SIM), a card that contains your telephone account information. Thus, an Indian GSM phone can be used in USA and other countries too.Faqs on GSMWireless technology platforms: GPRS, EDGE and WAPWhat is GPRS?GPRS, short for General Packet Radio Services, is an enhancement to GSM technology that integrates GSM and IP technology. GPRS offers an always-on, high speed connectivity to the Net. Thus you can check your email on the move and surf the Web at high speeds. Currently BPL Mobile and Hutch (Orange in Mumbai) offer GPRS services in India.Faqs on GPRSWhat is WAP?In this hi-tech age, people on the move need any-time access to the Net. This is where WAP comes in. It provides Internet access to cell phones. It is an open standard for wireless protocols that is independent of the service providers. To display Web content, the cell phone must have a WAP browser. Nowadays, cell phones often come with WAP and GPRS technology.WAP and GPRS also allows you to download games, send mail and even transfer your messages to your PC.More information on WAPWhat is EDGE?The new EDGE ((Enhanced Data GSM Environment) interface has been developed specifically to meet the bandwidth needs of 3G. Promoted by Ericsson, it offers high-speed data transfers over GSM networks with just a software upgrade to the handset. EDGE allows speeds up to 384 kbps.More information on EDGE

SAMSUNG D780 DUOS DUAL SIM PHONE

Samsung D780 is another great design which comes with many features. The main specification is it is a dual SIM phone. You can insert two SIM cards and receive calls to both SIM. When one line is busy, other one will also busy. But dual SIM phones are very difficult to find in market due to many reasons. D780 supports many functions for dual SIM users. You can even use a single SIM also.The D780 Duos comes in a dark silver coloured casing or a light silver coloured casing which both look incredibly sleek & stylish & complement the phones overall design. The handset has a solid & sturdy feel to its casing due to it be made with metal sections which makes this mobile phone feel luxurious & rich in design.Samsung D780 is also a good entertainment phone which has good music features. It has a FM radio with RDS. It has a large 2.1 inch display which supports 240 x 320 Pixels resolution. Its internal memory is 32Mb but you can insert up to 2Gb memory cards.
More features of Samsung D780Stereo FM RadioBluetooth™ with A2DP2.1 Inch TFT 262k Colour Screen (240 x 320 Pixels)2 Megapixel CameraMMS (Multimedia Messaging)Supports MicroSD™ Memory Card up to 2 Gbytes

NOKIA 8800 SAPPHIRE ARTE WITH GEM DESIGN

Nokia has launched several 8800 phones. All of them are special and valuable. Unlike other phones the new Nokia 8800 Sapphire Arte is a 3G phone. But the appearance is very similar to other recent phones.The Nokia 8800 Sapphire Arte is a 3G phone which comes in a bronze coloured casing which is made with high quality materials. The phone is made from stainless steels, glass, leather & a sapphire gem stone. This prestigious mobile handset has it's our distinct design as it comes with a beautiful sapphire gem stone navigation key. The phone has an ultra smooth slide opening mechanism which when opened reveals the phones smooth & sophisticated keypad. The slide section of the handset is covered in luxurious leather which provides a quality feel when held in the user's hand.It has a great music player which supports to many file formats. The internal memory is 32Mb but you can insert up to 2Gb SD cards. Because it’s a valuable phone, it has many business features like organizer, notepad and other common Nokia features.

CNC PLASMA CUTITING MACHINE

Plasma cutting is a process used to cut steel and other metals (or sometimes other materials) using a plasma torch. In this process, an inert gas (in some units, compressed air) is blown at high speed out of a nozzle; at the same time an electrical arc is formed through that gas from the nozzle to the surface being cut, turning some of that gas to plasma. This plasma is sufficiently hot to melt the metal and moving sufficiently fast to blow molten metal away from the cut. The result is very much like cutting butter with a hot jet of air. Plasma cutters have also been used in CNC machinery. Manufacturers such as Retro Systems and Plasma CAM build CNC cutting tables, some with the cutter built in to the table. The idea behind CNC tables is to allow a computer to control the torch head making clean sharp cuts. Modern CNC plasma equipment is capable of multi-axis cutting of thick material, allowing opportunities for complex welding seams on CNC welding equipment that is not possible otherwise. For thinner material cutting, plasma cutting is being progressively replaced by laser cutting, due mainly to the laser cutter's superior hole-cutting abilities. A specialized use of CNC controlled Plasma Cutters has been in the HVAC industry. Software will process information on ductwork and create flat patterns to be cut on the cutting table by the plasma torch. This technology has enormously increased productivity within the industry since its introduction in the early 1980's. A typical HVAC cutting machine is Plasma Automation's Vicon Cutting Table Plasma cutters use a number of methods to start the pilot arc, depending on the environment the unit is to be used in and its age. Older cutters use a high voltage, high frequency circuit to start the arc. This method has a number of disadvantages, including risk of electrocution, difficulty of repair, sparkgap maintenance, and the large amount of radio frequency emissions. Plasma cutters working near sensitive electronics, such as CNC hardware or computers, use the contact start method. The nozzle and electrode are in contact. The nozzle is the cathode, and the electrode is the anode. When the plasma gas begins to flow, the nozzle is blown forward. A third, less common method is capacitive discharge into the primary circuit via a Silicon Controlled Rectifier. PC: plasma cutting machines also plasma systems cutting or plasma.

MULTI-AXIS MACHINE FOR MASS PRODUCTION

It's called "The Pinnacle of Mass-Production". Up to 3 turrets can be installed, all of them Built-in Motor Turret (BMT™). By placing the motor inside the turret, heat generation and vibration are reduced to a minimum and transmission efficiency is improved. Cutting performance, speed and precision are also increased. The previous model worked with a transmission structure with many heat-generating parts such as gears and belts, which affect machining accuracy, but the new nz series tourret works with a built-in motor, there is no transmission structure. The sources of heat are reduced, and the motor is also surrounded by a cooling jacket.

The new NZ Series of cnc multi-axis machines offers not only turning, but also excellent milling with the Y-axis. With the longest Y-axis stroke in its class, it achieves high-precision, high-efficiency machining.Mori Seiki's original technology, the Octagonal Ram Construction (ORC™), is a fundamental improvement on the weaknesses of conventional moving structures. With the symmetry of an octagonal shape, thermal displacement is controlled and stable straightness is ensured even at high speeds. It offers stable, high-precision machining.

The cnc's engeniers had achieved both high flexural rigidity and a light body by making repeated use of the most advanced analytical techniques. They've used Finite Element Method (FEM) analysis to simulate the structure's deformation under load. By making fine adjustments to every detail, from the thickness of the bed to the shape and arrangement of the ribs, they achieved high fl exural rigidity. At the same time, we managed to make the body light.From Moriseiki's official website.http://www.moriseiki.co.jp

CNC PLASMA CUTTER

A lot of people enter the CNC Field by wanting to know more about CNC Plasma Cutting. Most have used a plasma cutter and found it to be a valuable tool. Then the question comes up, can a machine drive this tool around a table to cut out a part. The answer is yes, and it is pretty easy to do.
CNC Plasma Cutters can vary by quite a lot in size. The can go from Giant Plate Burning units that cut 2” thick steel, to sheet metal, high definition units that are about as accurate as a laser. As plasma cutters have come down in price so have CNC Plasma Cutter. There is one unique thing about plasma cutting compared with other CNC Machine you will come across. You have to do something about the dust they put out.

CNC SAFETY STEPS

No need for any long introductions, this section is a must for all machine shops! Remember, It doesn’t have to be you!
SAFETY GLASSES IN THE SHOP.
Even when you’re not working on a machine, you must wear safety glasses. A chip from a machine or a piece of dirt from a blast of an airhose could fly into your eye.
IF YOU HAVE LONG HAIR OR A LONG BEARD, TIE IT UP.
If your hair gets caught in a spinning machine … you WILL be pulled INTO the machine.
NO LOOSE CLOTHING/JEWELRY.
Ties, watches, loose sleeves, necklaces etc., none of these objects are worth the price of a limb. As a instructor I’m often asked about wedding rings, all I can say is that if I were married … I would value that ring …. and remove it.
WEAR APPROPRIATE SHOES.
Wear shoes that give a sure footing. If you are working with heavy objects, steel toes are highly recommended.
SAFE CONDUCT.
Be aware of what’s going on around you. For example, be careful not to bump into someone while they’re cutting on a machine. (they could lose a finger or worse!). Concentrate on what you’re doing. Don’t hurry. If you catch yourself rushing, slow down. Don’t push speeds and feeds!! You’ll end up damaging your part, the tools, and maybe the machine itself. Listen to the machine, if something doesn’t sound right, turn the machine off. Don’t let someone else talk you into doing something dangerous, and NEVER attempt to measure a part that’s moving.

HOW CNC WORKS??

How CNC works
There is another article included in this web site called The Basics of CNC that explains how to program, setup, and operate CNC machines in greater detail. Additionally, we offer a series of products aimed at helping you learn how to use CNC machines. Here we're relating how CNC works in very general terms.
As you might already have guessed, everything that an operator would be required to do with conventional machine tools is programmable with CNC machines. Once the machine is setup and running, a CNC machine is quite simple to keep running. In fact CNC operators tend to get quite bored during lengthy production runs because there is so little to do. With some CNC machines, even the workpiece loading process has been automated. (We don't mean to over-simplify here. CNC operators are commonly required to do other things related to the CNC operation like measuring workpieces and making adjustments to keep the CNC machine running good workpieces.)
Let's look at some of the specific programmable functions.
Motion control
All CNC machine types share this commonality: They all have two or more programmable directions of motion called axes. An axis of motion can be linear (along a straight line) or rotary (along a circular path). One of the first specifications that implies a CNC machine's complexity is how many axes it has. Generally speaking, the more axes, the more complex the machine.
The axes of any CNC machine are required for the purpose of causing the motions needed for the manufacturing process. In the drilling example, these (3) axis would position the tool over the hole to be machined (in two axes) and machine the hole (with the third axis). Axes are named with letters. Common linear axis names are X, Y, and Z. Common rotary axis names are A, B, and C.
Programmable accessories
A CNC machine wouldn't be very helpful if all it could only move the workpiece in two or more axes. Almost all CNC machines are programmable in several other ways. The specific CNC machine type has a lot to do with its appropriate programmable accessories. Again, any required function will be programmable on full-blown CNC machine tools. Here are some examples for one machine type.
Machining centers
Automatic tool changer
Most machining centers can hold many tools in a tool magazine. When required, the required tool can be automatically placed in the spindle for machining.
Spindle speed and activation
The spindle speed (in revolutions per minute) can be easily specified and the spindle can be turned on in a forward or reverse direction. It can also, of course, be turned off.
Coolant
Many machining operations require coolant for lubrication and cooling purposes. Coolant can be turned on and off from within the machine cycle.
The CNC program
Think of giving any series of step-by-step instructions. A CNC program is nothing more than another kind of instruction set. It's written in sentence-like format and the control will execute it in sequential order, step by step.
A special series of CNC words are used to communicate what the machine is intended to do. CNC words begin with letter addresses (like F for feedrate, S for spindle speed, and X, Y & Z for axis motion). When placed together in a logical method, a group of CNC words make up a command that resemble a sentence.
For any given CNC machine type, there will only be about 40-50 words used on a regular basis. So if you compare learning to write CNC programs to learning a foreign language having only 50 words, it shouldn't seem overly difficult to learn CNC programming.
The CNC control
The CNC control will interpret a CNC program and activate the series of commands in sequential order. As it reads the program, the CNC control will activate the appropriate machine functions, cause axis motion, and in general, follow the instructions given in the program.
Along with interpreting the CNC program, the CNC control has several other purposes. All current model CNC controls allow programs to be modified (edited) if mistakes are found. The CNC control allows special verification functions (like dry run) to confirm the correctness of the CNC program. The CNC control allows certain important operator inputs to be specified separate from the program, like tool length values. In general, the CNC control allows all functions of the machine to be manipulated.
What is a CAM system?
For simple applications (like drilling holes), the CNC program can be developed manually. That is, a programmer will sit down to write the program armed only with pencil, paper, and calculator. Again, for simple applications, this may be the very best way to develop CNC programs.
As applications get more complicated, and especially when new programs are required on a regular basis, writing programs manually becomes much more difficult. To simplify the programming process, a computer aided manufacturing (CAM) system can be used. A CAM system is a software program that runs on a computer (commonly a PC) that helps the CNC programmer with the programming process. Generally speaking, a CAM system will take the tediousness and drudgery out of programming.
In many companies the CAM system will work with the computer aided design (CAD) drawing developed by the company's design engineering department. This eliminates the need for redefining the workpiece configuration to the CAM system. The CNC programmer will simply specify the machining operations to be performed and the CAM system will create the CNC program (much like the manual programmer would have written) automatically.
What is a DNC system?
Once the program is developed (either manually or with a CAM system), it must be loaded into the CNC control. Though the setup person could type the program right into the control, this would be like using the CNC machine as a very expensive typewriter. If the CNC program is developed with the help of a CAM system, then it is already in the form of a text file . If the program is written manually, it can be typed into any computer using a common word processor (though most companies use a special CNC text editor for this purpose). Either way, the program is in the form of a text file that can be transferred right into the CNC machine. A distributive numerical control (DNC) system is used for this purpose.
A DNC system is nothing more than a computer that is networked with one or more CNC machines. Until only recently, rather crude serial communications protocol (RS-232c) had to be used for transferring programs. Newer controls have more current communications capabilities and can be networked in more conventional ways (Ethernet, etc.). Regardless of methods, the CNC program must of course be loaded into the CNC machine before it can be run.
Types of CNC machines
As stated, CNC has touched almost every facet of manufacturing. Many machining processes have been improved and enhanced through the use of CNC. Let's look at some of the specific fields and place the emphasis on the manufacturing processes enhanced by CNC machine usage.
In the metal removal industry:
Machining processes that have traditionally been done on conventional machine tools that are possible (and in some cases improved) with CNC machining centers include all kinds of milling (face milling, contour milling, slot milling, etc.), drilling, tapping, reaming, boring, and counter boring.
In similar fashion, all kinds of turning operations like facing, boring, turning, grooving, knurling, and threading are done on CNC turning centers.
There are all kinds of special "off-shoots" of these two machine types including CNC milling machines, CNC drill and tap centers, and CNC lathes.
Grinding operations of all kinds like outside diameter (OD) grinding and internal diameter (ID) grinding are also being done on CNC grinders. CNC has even opened up a new technology when it comes to grinding. Contour grinding (grinding a contour in a similar fashion to turning), which was previously infeasible due to technology constraints is now possible (almost commonplace) with CNC grinders.
In the metal fabrication industry:
In manufacturing terms, fabrication commonly refers to operations that are performed on relatively thin plates. Think of a metal filing cabinet. All of the primary components are made of steel sheets. These sheets are sheared to size, holes are punched in appropriate places, and the sheets are bent (formed) to their final shapes. Again, operations commonly described as fabrication operations include shearing, flame or plasma cutting, punching, laser cutting, forming, and welding. Truly, CNC is heavily involved in almost every facet of fabrication.
CNC back gages are commonly used with shearing machines to control the length of the plate being sheared. CNC lasers and CNC plasma cutters are also used to bring plates to their final shapes. CNC turret punch presses can hold a variety of punch-and-die combinations and punch holes in all shapes and sizes through plates. CNC press brakes are used to bend the plates into their final shapes.
In the electrical discharge machining industry:
Electrical discharge machining (EDM) is the process of removing metal through the use of electrical sparks which burn away the metal. CNC EDM comes in two forms, vertical EDM and Wire EDM. Vertical EDM requires the use of an electrode (commonly machined on a CNC machining center) that is of the shape of the cavity to be machined into the workpiece. Picture the shape of a plastic bottle that must be machined into a mold. Wire EDM is commonly used to make punch and die combinations for dies sets used in the fabrication industry. EDM is one of the lesser known CNC operations because it is so closely related to making tooling used with other manufacturing processes.
In the woodworking industry
As in the metal removal industry, CNC machines are heavily used in woodworking shops. Operations include routing (similar to milling) and drilling. Many woodworking machining centers are available that can hold several tools and perform several operations on the workpiece being machined.
Other types of CNC machines
Many forms of lettering and engraving systems use CNC technology. Waterjet machining uses a high pressure water jet stream to cut through plates of material. CNC is even used in the manufacturing of many electrical components. For example, there are CNC coil winders, and CNC terminal location and soldering machines.
Job opportunities related to CNC
There is quite a shortage of skilled people to utilize CNC machines. And the shortage is growing. Everywhere I go I hear manufacturing people claiming that they cannot find skilled people. Unfortunately, it has also been my experience that pay scales have not yet reflected this shortage. Even so, you can make a good wage and develop a rewarding career working with CNC machines. Here are some of the job titles of people working with CNC machine tools.

WHAT IS CNC??

WHAT IS CNC??


CNC stands for Computer Numerical Control and has been around since the early 1970's. Prior to this, it was called NC, for Numerical Control. (In the early 1970's computers were introduced to these controls, hence the name change.)
While people in most walks of life have never heard of this term, CNC has touched almost every form of manufacturing process in one way or another. If you'll be working in manufacturing, it's likely that you'll be dealing with CNC on a regular basis.
Before CNC
While there are exceptions to this statement, CNC machines typically replace (or work in conjunction with) some existing manufacturing process/es. Take one of the simplest manufacturing processes, drilling holes, for example.
A drill press can of course be used to machine holes. (It's likely that almost everyone has seen some form of drill press, even if you don't work in manufacturing.) A person can place a drill in the drill chuck that is secured in the spindle of the drill press. They can then (manually) select the desired speed for rotation (commonly by switching belt pulleys), and activate the spindle. Then they manually pull on the quill lever to drive the drill into the workpiece being machined.
As you can easily see, there is a lot of manual intervention required to use a drill press to drill holes. A person is required to do something almost every step along the way! While this manual intervention may be acceptable for manufacturing companies if but a small number of holes or workpieces must be machined, as quantities grow, so does the likelihood for fatigue due to the tediousness of the operation. And do note that we've used one of the simplest machining operations (drilling) for our example. There are more complicated machining operations that would require a much higher skill level (and increase the potential for mistakes resulting in scrap workpieces) of the person running the conventional machine tool. (We commonly refer to the style of machine that CNC is replacing as the conventional machine.)By comparison, the CNC equivalent for a drill press (possibly a CNC machining center or CNC drilling & tapping center) can be programmed to perform this operation in a much more automatic fashion. Everything that the drill press operator was doing manually will now be done by the CNC machine, including: placing the drill in the spindle, activating the spindle, positioning the workpiece under the drill, machining the hole, and turning off the spindle.

LATHE CENTER..ITS FIGURE

LATHE CENTER


A lathe center (or center) is a tool that has been ground to an included angle of 60 ° and is used to accurately position a workpiece about its axis.[citation needed]
The primary use of a center in metalworking is to ensure concentric work is produced, this allows the workpiece to be transferred between operations without any loss of accuracy. A part may be turned in a lathe, sent off for hardening and tempering and then ground between centers in a cylindrical grinder. The preservation of concentricity between the turning and grinding operations is crucial for quality work. A center is also used to support longer work pieces where the cutting forces would deflect the work excessively, reducing the finish and accuracy of the workpiece, or creating a hazardous situation.
A center has applications anywhere that a centered workpiece may be used, this is not limited to lathe usage but may include setups in dividing heads, cylindrical grinders, tool and cutter grinders or other related equipment. The term between centers refers to any machining operation where the job needs to be performed using centers.
A center is inserted into a matching hole drilled by a center drill.